Deinococcus radiodurans, often nicknamed “Conan the Bacterium,” possesses an extraordinary ability to withstand radiation levels that would be lethal to most other life forms, including humans. This resilience is not due to any single mechanism, but rather a sophisticated combination of DNA repair, antioxidant systems, and unique structural features. Recent research highlights the bacterium’s efficient methods for repairing double-strand DNA breaks, its capacity to rapidly synthesize new DNA repair enzymes, and its efficient metal accumulation which plays a role in radiation resistance. Understanding these processes could have significant implications for fields such as biotechnology, medicine, and even space exploration.